The Jammu-Srinagar National Highway gets blocked at a number of places during the monsoons, due to landslides. An earthquake is a sudden and sometimes catastrophic movement of a part of the earth’s surface. Because of above situation in Ratnapura district National Building Research Organization (NBRO) have choose Ratnapura for launch demonstration project (landslides, frequent flooding, erosion, pollution and contamination of water resources, ground subsidence etc. Though infrequent, moderate- to large-volume rock falls can be extremely dangerous and sometimes fatal. In the instances where cyclones have hit Sri Lanka the effects have been devastating. We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. Another inter monsoonal period occurs from March until mid-May, with light, variable winds and evening thundershowers. Landslide impacts and management in Nanka area, Southeast Nigeria, Landslide assessment and susceptibility zonation in Ebantu district of Oromia region, western Ethiopia, Landslides Hazard Mapping in Rwanda Using Bivariate Statistical Index Method, Landslide susceptibility mapping of the Sera River Basin using logistic regression model, GIS-based multicriteria evaluation with multiscale analysis to characterize urban landslide susceptibility in data-scarce environments, Developing an open geographic data model and analysis tools for disaster management: landslide case, Developing open geographic data model and analysis tools for disaster management: landslide case, Remote sensing and GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping using frequency ratio and analytical hierarchy methods in Rize province (NE Turkey), A GIS-based comparative study of frequency ratio, analytical hierarchy process, bivariate statistics and logistics regression methods for landslide susceptibility mapping in Trabzon, NE Turkey, A geotechnical study on the landslides in the Trabzon Province, NE, Turkey. The sustained efforts for economic growth of these countries are often interrupted by recurrent natural disasters with considerable impact exacerbating poverty conditions in different parts of the region. © 2020 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. The term landslide defines the “movement of a mass of rock, debris, or earth down a slope.” However, landslides are not limited either to the “land” or to “sliding.” Landslides are natural phenomena that cause societal disruptions when humans place parts of the built environment in their path. At the meeting of Management of Landslide hazard, Japan Landslide Society (JLS) presented two reasons for that situation occurred in the Asia-Pacific Region. Landslides occur due to natural phenomena and man made activities also contributes to reactivate old landslide. It has been observed that the impact of droughts differs widely between developed and developing countries because of the influence of such factors as water supply and water-use efficiency. Landslides are common in the Lower Himalayas. Landslides impact on the following elements of the environment in the study area: (1) the topography/morphology of land area, (2) the settlement region, (3) streams, and (4) land cover. Free resources to assist you with your university studies! In the southern hemisphere, these tropical storms are known as cyclones, whose winds blow in a clockwise circle. Its position between 5 and 10 north latitude endows the country with a warm climate, moderated by ocean winds and considerable moisture. Word Count: 1925 Experts say the two-dozen districts that were badly shaken by the 2015 earthquake are all vulnerable to landslides. C: Robert Newton, Michelle Thompson, Sheila Thompson, Shanica Todd-Huggins Looking for a flexible role? Slope gradients are commonly from 10% to as steep as 30%, although steeper slopes may be found in head scarp and toe areas. Therefore since we are not in a position to predict an earthquake, we must at least try to find out the scientific causes that can lead to such catastrophic earthquakes. Earthquake and landslides . Landslides impact on the following elements of the environment in the study area: (1) the topography/morphology of land area, (2) the settlement region, (3) streams, and (4) land cover. In China, direct economic losses amount to about $ 1.3 billion, with about 9,000 deaths 3, and the annual loss of $ 150 million. This data reveals that Ratnapura is vulnerable to multiple hazards. Landslides triggering factors including geological, hydrological, topographical factors and loading conditions. The undulating topography of the East Black Sea region means that these settlement areas created along the coastline and along the flat areas beside of rivers, and it these locations that are under continuous threat from mass movements particularly landslides. The environmental disturbances are the results of general tendency toward the interaction of these elements. Any hazard such as an earthquake, cyclone, flood has Tsunamis landslides which is basically, André Duílio Cruz Rock falls occur on steep slopes of hard, fractured rock. These three landslides were the most vulnerable that have ever recorded since historically. INTRODUCTION meaning under the right conditions can, Landslides are among the most common natural hazards and are the most damaging, leading to a variety of human and environmental impacts. 1. scenarios which can be described as potential acid sulfate soils (PASS). Past records indicate that more than 100 fatalities have occurred in a span of 10 years. in India, many of them related to the climate of India, cause massive losses of Indian life and property. The rainfall pattern is influenced by the monsoon winds of the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal and is marked by four seasons. Flood and landslides are most common natural disaster which has occurred in each and every year since 1981 to 2007 along with other natural disasters in Sri Lanka. While the droughts, Landslides, Cyclone, Wind, Storms, Soil erosion, Tsunami and costal erosion are the common natural disasters; terrorism, violence, civil conflicts, explosions, industrial accidents, epidemics, gem mining, sand mining, fires & deforestation are the man made disasters that affect the community of the country. Weak materials, sensitive materials, weathered materials, sheared materials, jointed or fissured materials, adversely orientated discontinuities, permeability contrasts, material contrasts are can be identified as a geological factor. A disaster happens when a hazard impacts on the vulnerable population and causes damage, casualties and disruption. (Herath H.M.D.R, Department of Sociology University of Peradeniya). Schuster and R.J. Krizek, National Research Council, Washington). Pages. At the Earth’s surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by shaking and sometimes displacing the ground. When these winds encounter the slopes of the Central Highlands, they unload heavy rains on the mountain slopes and the southwestern sector of the island. A flood is an overflow of an expanse of water that submerges land, a deluge. As a result, there was a serious problem of destroying agricultural change. The haphazard development and inappropriate resources and land utilization, Civil constructions on hilly terrain without proper geotechnical investigation non-provision of suitable drainage systems or blockage of drainage systems and /or natural watercourses, earthwork which alters the shape of a slope are contributory factors to landslide. Figure 2 (Pg.2) and Figure 3 (below) illustrate the magnitude The second season occurs in October and November, inter monsoonal months. Published. 8, 27 September 2016 | Natural Hazards, Vol. In the extreme northwest Mannar and Kalpitiya areas and in the extreme southwest Yala area the mean annual rainfall drops below 1000mm. In recent years, growing population and expansion of settlements and life-lines over hazardous areas have largely increased the impact of natural disasters both in industrialized and developing countries. Environmental Planning Programme Since 1990 the region has suffered 50 per cent of the world’s major natural disasters when International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction began. 1264710 As a whole the average yearly temperature for the country ranges from 28 to 30 °C. Problem Statement and Objectives economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources” . Of the world’s 10 most severe natural disasters in 2004, five occurred in the Asian and Pacific region, causing damage amounting to $55 billion, about 70 per cent of the total damage, estimated at $80 billion. Losses from soil erosion are less than other natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, winds, etc. From: Team C Especially landslides spread from the Central hills to neighboring districts predominantly. The consequences of landslides cause in terms of casualties and extensive damage to the roads, bridges, dams, buildings, forests, paddy fields farm plots and animals. In many places, national highways, especially 108, are hit annually. During this season, periodic squalls occur and sometimes tropical cyclones bring overcast skies and rains to the southwest, northeast, and eastern parts of the island. December 2018. 12:00 AM, June 15, 2017 / LAST MODIFIED: 12:15 AM, June 15, 2017 . The number of natural disasters has been increasing around the world, but the trends in lives lost and damage caused have changed in recent years due to effective use of technology, communication and transportation systems. Earthquakes are recorded with a seismometer, also known as a seismograph. Geology Survey, 2006; Tsuji et al., 2009). (ASIA – PACIFIC ENVIRONMENT OUTLOOK). Registered office: Venture House, Cross Street, Arnold, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, NG5 7PJ. Our academic experts are ready and waiting to assist with any writing project you may have. Dry spells and droughts are a recurrent feature of the natural climate of Sri Lanka. slope angle, uplift, rebound, fluvial erosion, wave erosion, glacial erosion, erosion of lateral margins, subterranean erosion, slope loading, vegetation change are categorized as a Morphological causes. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. About 83% of occurrences in the past have been during this period. Natural hazards like landslides, avalanches, floods and debris flows can result in enormous property damage and human casualties in mountainous regions (Matternicht, 2005). 1 Scraping is often an unlikely injury. Earthquakes result from the dynamic release of elastic strain energy that radiates seismic waves. Enter your email address below and we will send you your username, If the address matches an existing account you will receive an email with instructions to retrieve your username. The sustained efforts for economic growth of those countries are often interrupted by recurrent natural disasters with considerable impact exacerbating poverty conditions in different parts of the region. PPR878 . (Library of Congress Country Studies, which are United States government publications in the public domain, Geography of Sri Lanka). Limo Training Plan January is the coolest month, causing people, especially those in the highlands, to wear coats and sweaters. The majority of the estimated 500 million rural poor in the Asia-Pacific region are subsistence farmers occupying mainly rain-fed land (ESCAP, 1995a). This is not an example of the work produced by our Essay Writing Service. As the warm air rises, it becomes loaded with moisture which condenses into massive thunderclouds. The training plan for Landslide Limousine Services includes the Needs Assessment, Training Method, and Training Evaluation Method. (Asian disaster preparedness center: case study on mitigating disasters in Asia and the Pacific), Landslides commonly occur in connection with other major natural disasters such as earthquakes, volcanoes, wildfires, and floods. The shaking in earthquakes can also trigger landslides and occasionally volcanic activity. km and approximately 20% of the total land area of the country, which supports nearly 30% of the total population, is subject to landslides. Community Based Disaster Reduction and Recovery.
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