While Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competency would come under close scrutiny during the course of the investigation, which concluded that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course. There were poor visibility conditions due to low clouds, and the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) captured the transmission of a previously-landing Crossair flight informing air traffic control (ATC) that they could not see the runway until 2.2 nautical miles (4.1km; 2.5mi) away. When Loehrer reported the plane reaching 100 feet above MDA, the CVR records Lutz asking Loehrer, "Do we have ground contact?" This brought the AAIB back to the decision to use runway 28 in the first place. instead, Lutz was over 4 nautical miles (7.4km; 4.6mi) from the runway, and could not possibly have seen the runway due to the presence of a hill, below the MDA of 2,400 feet (730m), that would have obscured his view. Investigators felt that as pilot monitoring, First Officer Lhrer should have raised some objection to this ill-informed plan. This was a VOR/DME approach, meaning that the navigational aids would help them align with the runway, but they would be personally responsible for ensuring that they were at certain altitudes at certain distances from the airport. It turned out that he had a rocky training history stretching back decades. The plane crashed to the ground and was damaged beyond repair. Crossair was a Swiss regional airline specializing in short flights within Switzerland as well as to and from neighboring countries. As it turned out, Captain Lutz had a second job as an instructor for a flight school, and he frequently conducted training flights early in the morning before reporting for work at Crossair. Two four, the minimum, said Lutz. Due to increased azimuth error associated with the use of VORs and lack of vertical guidance (Glide Slope), the MDA is therefore much higher than a DA (Decision Altitude) for an ILS. Go around, both pilots said in unison. 
He ended up in Italy, and was only made aware of this after circling the airport for several minutes, when WebHans-Ulrich Hanitsch Oberleutnant zur See (Crew XII/39) No ships sunk or damaged. Hans Ulrich Lutz, Swiss aviator with the Crossair airline, worked as a pilot-in-command and a training pilot, even though his competences were somewhat slim: flying a Saab 340, he failed an upgrade exam to MD-80 eight consecutive times; he crashed an aircraft while sitting on the tarmac (he tried to retract the gear to show the student . The AAIB would conclude that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course. The procedures, or the failure to follow them? @cooperlund @tinybaby Crossair Flight 3597, Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz crashed his plane into a marked hill by the airport killing most of germany's spice girls. Since the overhaul, Swiss International Airlines hasnt had another major accident. If you want to start a conversation about a topic raised in this article or want to report factual errors, email us at english@swissinfo.ch. Oh scheisse, he muttered, that as well, fine. Connections Married Ivanka Pistek, July 5, 1942. Upon arrival in Zurich about an hour later, it was cleared to approach runway 28 in poor visibility conditions due to low clouds; the cockpit voice recorder captured the transmission of a previously landing Crossair flight informing the tower that they could not see the runway until 2.2 nautical miles (4.1km; 2.5mi) away. The AAIB also issued nearly 30 safety recommendations intended to fix problems in areas ranging from pilot performance to approach chart design to weather observation. Were wondering how youre doing and what worries you. All of these incidents showed that Captain Lutz was prone to careless mistakes and did not shy away from risky maneuvers. WebCaptain Lutz had originally been scheduled to land on runway 14, the main landing runway at Zurich, a runway equipped with an Instrument Landing System (ILS) that handles virtually all tasks associated with landing an airplane, including using the plane's auto-pilot to control the angle and speed of descent; all the pilot is required to do in an Lutz was able to see the lights of villages below the plane, but he was much too far from the airport to see the runway lights, given the conditions. Two thousand, First Officer Lhrer said, calling out their altitude. Believing that he had already reached the point where the previous crew spotted the runway lights, he decided to deliberately descend below the MDA in an attempt to break through what he thought must be a thin layer of cloud preventing him from copying his colleagues successful landing. They were tired, it was near the end of the working day, and they were now asked to perform a much more difficult approach for no operational reason. In a fog of overconfidence and bravado, determined to get his plane on the ground as quickly as possible, he made the oldest mistake in the book an error that no pilot in the 21st century ought to have made. WebWhile Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competence soon came under close scrutiny by investigators from the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB). Crossair Flight 3597 was a 410-mile-long flight from Berlin Tegel Airport (TXL) in Germany to Zurich Airport (ZRH) in Switzerland. For example, in 1999, while conducting a privately chartered sightseeing flight to Sion, Lutz accidentally overshot the destination by more than 50 kilometers and ended up in Italy. Hopelessly crippled, the RJ100 struggled on for a further 200 meters, plunging down the back side of the ridge before slamming into the valley below. There was a famous singer on board who died (Melanie Thornton). [2] Even though Lutz finally realized that his inability to see the runway meant he needed to initiate a missed approach maneuver (called a "go-around"), his call for the go-around came too late; the plane's engines were not able to spool up fast enough to generate sufficient thrust to climb above the hill that had been obstructing his view, and the plane crashed into the hilltop at 22:06 CET. Timenote.info, Biedrba, Abinfoserviss 2011-2020, Terms, Phone: +371 67 842135, E-mail: [emailprotected]. Due to increased azimuth error associated with the use of VORs and lack of vertical guidance (glide slope), the MDA is therefore often higher than a DA (Decision Altitude) for an ILS. WebHans Ulrich Lutz has been listed as a noteworthy biochemist, researcher by Marquis Who's Who. This report would play a critical role in the events to follow. Contact me via @Admiral_Cloudberg on Reddit, @KyraCloudy on Twitter, or by email at kyracloudy97@gmail.com. Under close supervision, Crossair (which by then had changed its name to Swiss International Airlines after the merger with Swissair) implemented a 13-step plan to overhaul its safety culture and institutionalize informal processes, based on a list of 81 points of action drawn up in the wake of the crash. European regulations mandated that passenger airliners install TAWS by 2005, but this deadline was far enough away that at the time of the accident Avro hadnt even published a procedure for installing the system on older versions of the RJ100. Upon hearing of the change, Captain Lutz clearly became frustrated. Loehrer, in contrast, was inexperienced with just 490 total flight hours. In this particular incident, Lutz missed his approach into Sion and circled over what he thought was Sion's airport for several minutes before passengers spotted road signs in Italian; the navigation error had taken them over the St. Bernard Pass through the Alps, and the airport they had been circling was in fact located near Aosta, Italy. The check airman decided to abort the route check due to inadequate performance and made him try again later. This course deviation caused the plane to crash into a hilltop, 4.05 kilometres (2.52mi) short of and 150 metres (490ft) north of its assigned landing strip, runway 28. Tragically, he was wrong. The German pop group Passion Fruit was aboard flight 3597; singers Nathaly(ie) van het Ende and Maria Serrano Serrano, who joined the 27 Club were killed, while singer Debby St. Maarten and the band's manager survived with injuries. The crash of flight 3597, while directly caused by the captains decision to violate one of the cardinal rules of aviation, was therefore made possible by the collapse of Switzerlands aviation safety system at every level. While Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competency would come under close scrutiny during the course of the investigation, which concluded that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course. Some rules get bent and hardly anything ever happens. In hindsight, controllers should have allowed incoming planes to land on runways 14 and 16 but in doing so, they would have had to explain to local authorities why the Germans were complaining about airplane noise again. Just dont do it! This runway change forced Lutz to abandon his planned ILS approach and required Lhrer to consult the Jeppesen charts for runway 28. Lutz had almost 40 times as many flight hours as Lhrer, and his lectures earlier in the flight had established a teacher-student relationship between them rather than a partnership of equals. Directed by witnesses in a nearby village, local emergency services quickly reached the site, where they were stunned to find survivors running from the forest, backlit by towering flames. But at that moment they were actually 4.8nm (9km) from the runway. That changed in 1996 when he attempted to upgrade to the McDonnell Douglas MD-83, only to fail out of conversion training twice because of difficulty with the autoflight systems. The agreement to bring planes in via runway 28 after 10:00 p.m. was intended solely to reduce noise over German villages, and little thought seemed to have been given to the question of whether this approach was suitable for frequent use by large aircraft. This runway change forced Captain Lutz to abandon his planned ILS approach and required First Officer Loehrer to consult the Jeppesen charts for runway 28. Despite the hilly terrain surrounding it, the approach to runway 28 was not equipped with a. Zrich Airport's means of determining visibility were inadequate for runway 28. Membership Member of European Complement Network (board member 2001-2006), European Association for Red Cell Research. Not long after the crash, the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) determined that it was a controlled flight into terrain. This was also the second accident for Crossair in as many years: on the 10th of January 2000, Crossair flight 498, a Saab 340, crashed shortly after takeoff from Zrich, killing all 10 passengers and crew. 1 Dec 1939 : Offiziersanwrter: 1 Nov 1940 : As the runway failed to come into view, Captain Lutz became increasingly frustrated. Why Switzerland needs workers from abroad, SWI swissinfo.ch certified by the Journalism Trust Initiative. Hans Ulrich Lutz, Swiss aviator with the Crossair airline, worked as a pilot-in-command and a training pilot, even though his competences were somewhat slim: flying a Saab 340, he failed an upgrade exam to MD-80 eight consecutive times; he crashed an aircraft while sitting on the tarmac (he tried to retract the gear to show the student . Lutz immediately pushed the throttles to go-around power and pulled up to abandon the approach. Now losing altitude at a rate of 1,200 feet per minute, the plane was still well short of the runway. Membership Member of European Complement Network (board member 2001-2006), European Association for Red Cell Research. Journalist - Mark is an experienced travel journalist having published work in the industry for more than seven years. Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch (15951635), Silesian nobleman, fought in the Silesian front of the Thirty Years' War. With poor visibility due to low cloud, a previous Crossair flight reported that they could not see the runway until they were two miles out. Upon arrival in Zrich airspace, about an hour after takeoff, the pilots were cleared for an instrument landing system (ILS) approach to runway 14, but were switched to a VOR/DME (VHF Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment) approach to runway 28 due to a noise abatement statute after 10:00 p.m. Before the approach they did not agree on a set of circumstances which would trigger a go-around, making it harder for Lhrer to judge whether Lutz was pushing things too far. Between 1963 and 1965, he was rejected three times from flight training due to insufficient education. This content was published on November 27, 2001, Your enhanced Profile Data is being used once you start to contribute to the community. On the 24th of November 2001, a regional jet flying for Swiss carrier Crossair slammed into a hillside near Zrich, Switzerland while on final approach. A few moments later, the first officer got his own back by telling Lutz that he had let his speed get too high, forcing the captain to ease back on the throttle. A password reset e-mail has been sent to your address. When Captain Lutz decided to deliberately fly below the MDA, he did so in an environment where that type of behavior had been normalized. In 1990, he was instructing a trainee on the Saab 340 while parked on the ground when he overrode a series of safety measures and accidentally retracted the landing gear. This meant that they needed to descend more slowly in order to drop the same amount over the same distance. In that accident, the AAIB found that the pilots both hired from countries in Eastern Europe had not been adequately trained or assessed after coming to Switzerland, and while taking off in low visibility conditions they lost control of the plane. It was quite probable that he did. St. Maarten's injuries were classified as "severe". An MSAW system detects when an airplane is too low on approach and sounds an alarm in the control tower, allowing controllers to actively intervene to prevent controlled flight into terrain. Two seconds later, he made his decision. And while the agreement did allow controllers to route planes onto runways 16 and 14 after hours if the weather prevented a VOR/DME approach to runway 28, there was considerable pressure on them to avoid doing this. Investigators concluded that the answer was yes. Born : 22 Aug 1922: Berlin-Treptow: Died : 27 Dec 1950 (28) Moscow, Russia: If you can help with photo or any information on this Officer please contact us at gummi@uboat.net. [2] Lutz had twice failed to upgrade his flight certifications to the more complex MD-83 due to insufficient comprehension of its computerized navigational systems. Could he have struggled to keep track his speed, descent rate, and distance from the runway due to fatigue? [2] Lutz made an additional error by not monitoring the DME as he made his approach; the CVR recorded Lutz's running narrative on nearly every move he made in the cockpit, but did not record any readout of the DME after a check, verified by Lhrer, at 6 nautical miles (11km; 6.9mi) from runway 28. WebHans-Ulrich Rudel (19161982), German ground-attack pilot during World War II. These included a near-miss incident on final approach to Lugano Airport where Lutz came within 300 feet (91m) of colliding with the shore of a lake during his final descent and a navigational error during a sightseeing tour over the Alps that took the flight far off its course to Sion, Switzerland. In command of Crossair Flight 3597 was 57-year-old Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz, a seasoned pilot with close to 20,000 flight hours. Ranks. Loehrer, in contrast, was inexperienced with just 490 total flight hours. Lutz was an extremely experienced pilot with more than 19,500 flight hours approximately 19,300 of which were as pilot in command. Lhrer, in contrast, was inexperienced, with just 490 total flight hours. This was a violation of the most basic rule of flying any approach: dont descend below the MDA if you cant see the runway. One can only conclude that Lutz didnt know about the countless fatal crashes that had occurred because pilots made the exact same decision that he did. This delay forced Flight 3597 to change its landing plan. WebThe captain (Hans Ulrich Lutz) has a list of incidents prior to flight 3597: 1990 - Accidentally retracts landing gear and writes off Saab 340 (HB-AHA) 1995 - Came within 300 ft of a lake while conducting a night approach to Lugano Airport, Switzerland 1999 - Flew 50 miles the wrong way on a sightseeing flight (HB-AKI, CRX4718) Ranks. WebHans Ulrich Lutz Red cell (RBC) deformability and membrane-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG) were studied to better understand premature clearance of erythrocytes in hereditary spherocytosis. The AAIB noted that despite his immense experience, Lutz made several fairly basic mistakes during the approach that raised questions about his mental state at the time of the crash. In another case in 1995, a Crossair first officer reported that while on approach to Lugano in nighttime instrument conditions, Lutz initiated a blistering descent of 4,000 feet per minute, which he maintained clear through the MDA before leveling off when he caught sight of Lake Lugano at a height of 300 feet above the ground. _________________________________________________________________. Fixated on finding the runway, they lost track of what their plane was doing until just second before the crash. Crossair Flight 3597 was a scheduled flight from Berlin Tegel Airport, Germany, to Zrich Airport, Switzerland. The problem with Lutzs assumption was that he was actually much farther from the airport than he thought he was. The cockpit voice recording begins some 35 minutes later, just in time to catch Captain Lutz giving First Officer Lhrer a long (and totally unnecessary) lecture about how to interpret a runway report. The RJ100 was merely an updated version of the otherwise identical British Aerospace BAe 146, which was designed for short takeoffs and landings and was marketed as being exceptionally quiet. The approaches to runways 14 and 16 the two main runways at Zrich Airport both passed over German villages at relatively low altitude, so the two countries agreed that between 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., all airplanes landing in Zrich would use runway 28, which would route them over Swiss territory. "We want to act quickly and unbureaucratically," he said.The payment is supposed to cover immediate expenses such as recovery efforts, repatriation and funeral costs.Crossair will make further payments to victims' families and survivors in the coming weeks.The amounts will depend on the actual damage suffered by each passenger. On 24 November 2001, the Crossair Avro RJ100 operating the route, registration HB-IXM, crashed into a wooded range of hills near Bassersdorf and exploded, killing 24 of the 33 people on board. It was into this hill that Flight 3597 eventually crashed. Because flight 3597 was on track to land shortly after 10:00, they just missed the cutoff to avoid having to use runway 28. The MDA states the minimum altitude in MSL to safely fly above any obstructions or terrain in the final approach flight-path before visual contact with the runway is made. The visual minimums at the time of the accident were actually inappropriate for using the standard approach to runway 28. After being hired by Crossair in 1979, his performance was negatively assessed by an inspector from what was then the Federal Aviation Office; however, later that year responsibility for evaluating pilots was devolved to the airlines, and for 17 years Crossair never once criticized his aptitude. Crossair was expanding rapidly and always had a tight budget; its salaries were poor and it struggled to find enough qualified pilots. Peering through the fog, Captain Lutz said, Someone said he saw the runway late here approaching minimum descent altitude here weve got some ground contact. Ten seconds later, they reached the MDA of 2,390 feet. (Curiously, however, Lutz had switched to the RJ100 so recently that Lhrer actually had more hours on type than he did.) WebAlfred Schulze-Hinrichs (6 November 1899 23 June 1972) was a Kapitn zur See with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross . One of the two pilots, who were both killed in the crash, was an experienced pilot with a record of more than 19,000 flying hours.But Hans-Ulrich Lutz had spent most of his career on other types of aircraft and had only done 300 flying hours in the RJ-100 Jumbolino, the type of aircraft that crashed on Saturday.However, Dos emphasised that Lutz was a good pilot and defended his qualifications. 1 Dec 1939 : Offiziersanwrter: 1 Nov 1940 : But a number of obstacles prevented him from doing so, not least among them Lutzs vastly superior experience. While briefly circling in a holding pattern, the pilots went over the approach to runway 28. Assisting the captain was 25-year-old First Officer Stefan Lhrer, who was fresh out of training with just 500 hours under his belt. As the flight entered Zurich airspace about an hour after taking off from Berlin, Captain Lutz prepared to land on Zurich's runway 14. 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He ended up in Italy, and was only made aware of this after circling the airport for several minutes, when WebHans-Ulrich Hanitsch Oberleutnant zur See (Crew XII/39) No ships sunk or damaged. Hans Ulrich Lutz, Swiss aviator with the Crossair airline, worked as a pilot-in-command and a training pilot, even though his competences were somewhat slim: flying a Saab 340, he failed an upgrade exam to MD-80 eight consecutive times; he crashed an aircraft while sitting on the tarmac (he tried to retract the gear to show the student . The AAIB would conclude that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course. The procedures, or the failure to follow them? @cooperlund @tinybaby Crossair Flight 3597, Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz crashed his plane into a marked hill by the airport killing most of germany's spice girls. Since the overhaul, Swiss International Airlines hasnt had another major accident. If you want to start a conversation about a topic raised in this article or want to report factual errors, email us at english@swissinfo.ch. Oh scheisse, he muttered, that as well, fine. Connections Married Ivanka Pistek, July 5, 1942. Upon arrival in Zurich about an hour later, it was cleared to approach runway 28 in poor visibility conditions due to low clouds; the cockpit voice recorder captured the transmission of a previously landing Crossair flight informing the tower that they could not see the runway until 2.2 nautical miles (4.1km; 2.5mi) away. The AAIB also issued nearly 30 safety recommendations intended to fix problems in areas ranging from pilot performance to approach chart design to weather observation. Were wondering how youre doing and what worries you. All of these incidents showed that Captain Lutz was prone to careless mistakes and did not shy away from risky maneuvers. WebCaptain Lutz had originally been scheduled to land on runway 14, the main landing runway at Zurich, a runway equipped with an Instrument Landing System (ILS) that handles virtually all tasks associated with landing an airplane, including using the plane's auto-pilot to control the angle and speed of descent; all the pilot is required to do in an Lutz was able to see the lights of villages below the plane, but he was much too far from the airport to see the runway lights, given the conditions. Two thousand, First Officer Lhrer said, calling out their altitude. Believing that he had already reached the point where the previous crew spotted the runway lights, he decided to deliberately descend below the MDA in an attempt to break through what he thought must be a thin layer of cloud preventing him from copying his colleagues successful landing. They were tired, it was near the end of the working day, and they were now asked to perform a much more difficult approach for no operational reason. In a fog of overconfidence and bravado, determined to get his plane on the ground as quickly as possible, he made the oldest mistake in the book an error that no pilot in the 21st century ought to have made. WebWhile Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competence soon came under close scrutiny by investigators from the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB). Crossair Flight 3597 was a 410-mile-long flight from Berlin Tegel Airport (TXL) in Germany to Zurich Airport (ZRH) in Switzerland. For example, in 1999, while conducting a privately chartered sightseeing flight to Sion, Lutz accidentally overshot the destination by more than 50 kilometers and ended up in Italy. Hopelessly crippled, the RJ100 struggled on for a further 200 meters, plunging down the back side of the ridge before slamming into the valley below. There was a famous singer on board who died (Melanie Thornton). [2] Even though Lutz finally realized that his inability to see the runway meant he needed to initiate a missed approach maneuver (called a "go-around"), his call for the go-around came too late; the plane's engines were not able to spool up fast enough to generate sufficient thrust to climb above the hill that had been obstructing his view, and the plane crashed into the hilltop at 22:06 CET. Timenote.info, Biedrba, Abinfoserviss 2011-2020, Terms, Phone: +371 67 842135, E-mail: [emailprotected]. Due to increased azimuth error associated with the use of VORs and lack of vertical guidance (glide slope), the MDA is therefore often higher than a DA (Decision Altitude) for an ILS. WebHans Ulrich Lutz has been listed as a noteworthy biochemist, researcher by Marquis Who's Who. This report would play a critical role in the events to follow. Contact me via @Admiral_Cloudberg on Reddit, @KyraCloudy on Twitter, or by email at kyracloudy97@gmail.com. Under close supervision, Crossair (which by then had changed its name to Swiss International Airlines after the merger with Swissair) implemented a 13-step plan to overhaul its safety culture and institutionalize informal processes, based on a list of 81 points of action drawn up in the wake of the crash. European regulations mandated that passenger airliners install TAWS by 2005, but this deadline was far enough away that at the time of the accident Avro hadnt even published a procedure for installing the system on older versions of the RJ100. Upon hearing of the change, Captain Lutz clearly became frustrated. Loehrer, in contrast, was inexperienced with just 490 total flight hours. In this particular incident, Lutz missed his approach into Sion and circled over what he thought was Sion's airport for several minutes before passengers spotted road signs in Italian; the navigation error had taken them over the St. Bernard Pass through the Alps, and the airport they had been circling was in fact located near Aosta, Italy. The check airman decided to abort the route check due to inadequate performance and made him try again later. This course deviation caused the plane to crash into a hilltop, 4.05 kilometres (2.52mi) short of and 150 metres (490ft) north of its assigned landing strip, runway 28. Tragically, he was wrong. The German pop group Passion Fruit was aboard flight 3597; singers Nathaly(ie) van het Ende and Maria Serrano Serrano, who joined the 27 Club were killed, while singer Debby St. Maarten and the band's manager survived with injuries. The crash of flight 3597, while directly caused by the captains decision to violate one of the cardinal rules of aviation, was therefore made possible by the collapse of Switzerlands aviation safety system at every level. While Captain Lutz was an experienced pilot, his competency would come under close scrutiny during the course of the investigation, which concluded that the accident was a controlled flight into terrain (CFIT) caused by a series of pilot errors and navigation mistakes that led the plane off-course. Some rules get bent and hardly anything ever happens. In hindsight, controllers should have allowed incoming planes to land on runways 14 and 16 but in doing so, they would have had to explain to local authorities why the Germans were complaining about airplane noise again. Just dont do it! This runway change forced Lutz to abandon his planned ILS approach and required Lhrer to consult the Jeppesen charts for runway 28. Lutz had almost 40 times as many flight hours as Lhrer, and his lectures earlier in the flight had established a teacher-student relationship between them rather than a partnership of equals. Directed by witnesses in a nearby village, local emergency services quickly reached the site, where they were stunned to find survivors running from the forest, backlit by towering flames. But at that moment they were actually 4.8nm (9km) from the runway. That changed in 1996 when he attempted to upgrade to the McDonnell Douglas MD-83, only to fail out of conversion training twice because of difficulty with the autoflight systems. The agreement to bring planes in via runway 28 after 10:00 p.m. was intended solely to reduce noise over German villages, and little thought seemed to have been given to the question of whether this approach was suitable for frequent use by large aircraft. This runway change forced Captain Lutz to abandon his planned ILS approach and required First Officer Loehrer to consult the Jeppesen charts for runway 28. Despite the hilly terrain surrounding it, the approach to runway 28 was not equipped with a. Zrich Airport's means of determining visibility were inadequate for runway 28. Membership Member of European Complement Network (board member 2001-2006), European Association for Red Cell Research. Not long after the crash, the Swiss Aircraft Accident Investigation Bureau (AAIB) determined that it was a controlled flight into terrain. This was also the second accident for Crossair in as many years: on the 10th of January 2000, Crossair flight 498, a Saab 340, crashed shortly after takeoff from Zrich, killing all 10 passengers and crew. 1 Dec 1939 : Offiziersanwrter: 1 Nov 1940 : As the runway failed to come into view, Captain Lutz became increasingly frustrated. Why Switzerland needs workers from abroad, SWI swissinfo.ch certified by the Journalism Trust Initiative. Hans Ulrich Lutz, Swiss aviator with the Crossair airline, worked as a pilot-in-command and a training pilot, even though his competences were somewhat slim: flying a Saab 340, he failed an upgrade exam to MD-80 eight consecutive times; he crashed an aircraft while sitting on the tarmac (he tried to retract the gear to show the student . Lutz immediately pushed the throttles to go-around power and pulled up to abandon the approach. Now losing altitude at a rate of 1,200 feet per minute, the plane was still well short of the runway. Membership Member of European Complement Network (board member 2001-2006), European Association for Red Cell Research. Journalist - Mark is an experienced travel journalist having published work in the industry for more than seven years. Hans Ulrich von Schaffgotsch (15951635), Silesian nobleman, fought in the Silesian front of the Thirty Years' War. With poor visibility due to low cloud, a previous Crossair flight reported that they could not see the runway until they were two miles out. Upon arrival in Zrich airspace, about an hour after takeoff, the pilots were cleared for an instrument landing system (ILS) approach to runway 14, but were switched to a VOR/DME (VHF Omnidirectional Range/Distance Measuring Equipment) approach to runway 28 due to a noise abatement statute after 10:00 p.m. Before the approach they did not agree on a set of circumstances which would trigger a go-around, making it harder for Lhrer to judge whether Lutz was pushing things too far. Between 1963 and 1965, he was rejected three times from flight training due to insufficient education. This content was published on November 27, 2001, Your enhanced Profile Data is being used once you start to contribute to the community. On the 24th of November 2001, a regional jet flying for Swiss carrier Crossair slammed into a hillside near Zrich, Switzerland while on final approach. A few moments later, the first officer got his own back by telling Lutz that he had let his speed get too high, forcing the captain to ease back on the throttle. A password reset e-mail has been sent to your address. When Captain Lutz decided to deliberately fly below the MDA, he did so in an environment where that type of behavior had been normalized. In 1990, he was instructing a trainee on the Saab 340 while parked on the ground when he overrode a series of safety measures and accidentally retracted the landing gear. This meant that they needed to descend more slowly in order to drop the same amount over the same distance. In that accident, the AAIB found that the pilots both hired from countries in Eastern Europe had not been adequately trained or assessed after coming to Switzerland, and while taking off in low visibility conditions they lost control of the plane. It was quite probable that he did. St. Maarten's injuries were classified as "severe". An MSAW system detects when an airplane is too low on approach and sounds an alarm in the control tower, allowing controllers to actively intervene to prevent controlled flight into terrain. Two seconds later, he made his decision. And while the agreement did allow controllers to route planes onto runways 16 and 14 after hours if the weather prevented a VOR/DME approach to runway 28, there was considerable pressure on them to avoid doing this. Investigators concluded that the answer was yes. Born : 22 Aug 1922: Berlin-Treptow: Died : 27 Dec 1950 (28) Moscow, Russia: If you can help with photo or any information on this Officer please contact us at gummi@uboat.net. [2] Lutz had twice failed to upgrade his flight certifications to the more complex MD-83 due to insufficient comprehension of its computerized navigational systems. Could he have struggled to keep track his speed, descent rate, and distance from the runway due to fatigue? [2] Lutz made an additional error by not monitoring the DME as he made his approach; the CVR recorded Lutz's running narrative on nearly every move he made in the cockpit, but did not record any readout of the DME after a check, verified by Lhrer, at 6 nautical miles (11km; 6.9mi) from runway 28. WebHans-Ulrich Rudel (19161982), German ground-attack pilot during World War II. These included a near-miss incident on final approach to Lugano Airport where Lutz came within 300 feet (91m) of colliding with the shore of a lake during his final descent and a navigational error during a sightseeing tour over the Alps that took the flight far off its course to Sion, Switzerland. In command of Crossair Flight 3597 was 57-year-old Captain Hans Ulrich Lutz, a seasoned pilot with close to 20,000 flight hours. Ranks. Loehrer, in contrast, was inexperienced with just 490 total flight hours. Lutz was an extremely experienced pilot with more than 19,500 flight hours approximately 19,300 of which were as pilot in command. Lhrer, in contrast, was inexperienced, with just 490 total flight hours. This was a violation of the most basic rule of flying any approach: dont descend below the MDA if you cant see the runway. One can only conclude that Lutz didnt know about the countless fatal crashes that had occurred because pilots made the exact same decision that he did. This delay forced Flight 3597 to change its landing plan. WebThe captain (Hans Ulrich Lutz) has a list of incidents prior to flight 3597: 1990 - Accidentally retracts landing gear and writes off Saab 340 (HB-AHA) 1995 - Came within 300 ft of a lake while conducting a night approach to Lugano Airport, Switzerland 1999 - Flew 50 miles the wrong way on a sightseeing flight (HB-AKI, CRX4718) Ranks. WebHans Ulrich Lutz Red cell (RBC) deformability and membrane-bound immunoglobulin G (IgG) were studied to better understand premature clearance of erythrocytes in hereditary spherocytosis. The AAIB noted that despite his immense experience, Lutz made several fairly basic mistakes during the approach that raised questions about his mental state at the time of the crash. In another case in 1995, a Crossair first officer reported that while on approach to Lugano in nighttime instrument conditions, Lutz initiated a blistering descent of 4,000 feet per minute, which he maintained clear through the MDA before leveling off when he caught sight of Lake Lugano at a height of 300 feet above the ground. _________________________________________________________________. Fixated on finding the runway, they lost track of what their plane was doing until just second before the crash. Crossair Flight 3597 was a scheduled flight from Berlin Tegel Airport, Germany, to Zrich Airport, Switzerland. The problem with Lutzs assumption was that he was actually much farther from the airport than he thought he was. The cockpit voice recording begins some 35 minutes later, just in time to catch Captain Lutz giving First Officer Lhrer a long (and totally unnecessary) lecture about how to interpret a runway report. The RJ100 was merely an updated version of the otherwise identical British Aerospace BAe 146, which was designed for short takeoffs and landings and was marketed as being exceptionally quiet. The approaches to runways 14 and 16 the two main runways at Zrich Airport both passed over German villages at relatively low altitude, so the two countries agreed that between 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m., all airplanes landing in Zrich would use runway 28, which would route them over Swiss territory. "We want to act quickly and unbureaucratically," he said.The payment is supposed to cover immediate expenses such as recovery efforts, repatriation and funeral costs.Crossair will make further payments to victims' families and survivors in the coming weeks.The amounts will depend on the actual damage suffered by each passenger. On 24 November 2001, the Crossair Avro RJ100 operating the route, registration HB-IXM, crashed into a wooded range of hills near Bassersdorf and exploded, killing 24 of the 33 people on board. It was into this hill that Flight 3597 eventually crashed. Because flight 3597 was on track to land shortly after 10:00, they just missed the cutoff to avoid having to use runway 28. The MDA states the minimum altitude in MSL to safely fly above any obstructions or terrain in the final approach flight-path before visual contact with the runway is made. The visual minimums at the time of the accident were actually inappropriate for using the standard approach to runway 28. After being hired by Crossair in 1979, his performance was negatively assessed by an inspector from what was then the Federal Aviation Office; however, later that year responsibility for evaluating pilots was devolved to the airlines, and for 17 years Crossair never once criticized his aptitude. Crossair was expanding rapidly and always had a tight budget; its salaries were poor and it struggled to find enough qualified pilots. Peering through the fog, Captain Lutz said, Someone said he saw the runway late here approaching minimum descent altitude here weve got some ground contact. Ten seconds later, they reached the MDA of 2,390 feet. (Curiously, however, Lutz had switched to the RJ100 so recently that Lhrer actually had more hours on type than he did.) WebAlfred Schulze-Hinrichs (6 November 1899 23 June 1972) was a Kapitn zur See with the Kriegsmarine during World War II and a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross . One of the two pilots, who were both killed in the crash, was an experienced pilot with a record of more than 19,000 flying hours.But Hans-Ulrich Lutz had spent most of his career on other types of aircraft and had only done 300 flying hours in the RJ-100 Jumbolino, the type of aircraft that crashed on Saturday.However, Dos emphasised that Lutz was a good pilot and defended his qualifications. 1 Dec 1939 : Offiziersanwrter: 1 Nov 1940 : But a number of obstacles prevented him from doing so, not least among them Lutzs vastly superior experience. While briefly circling in a holding pattern, the pilots went over the approach to runway 28. Assisting the captain was 25-year-old First Officer Stefan Lhrer, who was fresh out of training with just 500 hours under his belt. As the flight entered Zurich airspace about an hour after taking off from Berlin, Captain Lutz prepared to land on Zurich's runway 14. 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